The SEAT Leon Super Cup Mk2 is a racing car developed by SEAT Sport, based on the new SEAT Leon, which continues the successful SUPERCOPA championship launched by SEAT in 2002.
The main technological innovations developed by SEAT sport for the new SEAT Leon Super Cup Mk2 are:
* His direct injection turbo engine is the first time that’s used in a manufacturer cup.
* Also for the first time his in a manufacturer cup his new DSG gearbox, tuned by SEAT Sport for racing purpose.
* Development of an aerodynamic package, with ground effect to increase the down force.
With the new León Super Cup Mk2, SEAT Sport substantially improves the performance of the previous Leon Super Cup, maintaining its commitment to costs and reliability for his customers, strengthening the Cup school spirit and bringing the performance of the car to the higher ranks of touring cars.
Contents:
* GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
o Engine [ Turbo compressor ~ Fuel supply system ~ Cooling ]
o Transmission [ Gearbox mode module ~ Launch control: ~ Technical features of the DSG gearbox ]
o Electronics [ CAN-Bus ~ Dashboard ~ Data logger ~ Driver console ]
o Brake
o Chassis
o Body shell
* FINE-TUNING
o Tyre information
o Recommended car set-up
o Front axle adjustments [ Adjustments of the suspension geometry ~ Steering ~ Front springs ~ Ground clearance ~ Anti-Roll Bar ~ Front shock absorbers ]
o Adjustments to the rear axle [ Adjustments in the suspension geometry ~ Springs ~ Ground clearance ~ Rear anti-roll bar ~ Rear shock absorbers ]
o Brakes [ Brake balance ~ Brake fluid ~ Pumps ]
o Aerodynamics [ Front spoiler ~ Rear wing ~ Pitch angle ]
+ MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
# Engine [ Fuel system ~ Turbo ]
# Gearbox [ Mecatrónica ]
# Suspension [ Front suspension ~ Rear suspension ~ Shock absorbers ]
# Steering
# Brakes [ Running in the pads ]
# Body shell [ Rebuilding ~ Codriver baquet fixation ]
# Composites [ Case 1: Little repaires (non structural) ~ Case 2: Repairs with minumum structural damage ~ Case 3: Medium structural damages ~ Case 4: Structural repairs ]
# Electrical [ Recommendations ~ Diagnosis ~ Logger: ~ VAS: ~ Battery ~ Circuit-breaker/contact ~ Fuel ~ Turbo water re-circulation pump ~ Extinguisher ~ Fuses and relays ]
# Tightening Torques
# Specific Torques
# Maintenance intervals [ Recommended service intervals ]
# Capacidades de líquidos
# Air Jacks
Download: COPA SEAT Leon Super Cup MK2 User Manual (.pdf, 92 pages pdf file, 2.2 MB)
COPA SEAT Leon Super Cup MK2 User Manual
Windows 7 Tips and Tricks
Improve your productivity by familiarizing yourself with some of the enhancements that are new in Windows 7. And share them with your customers to help them learn more about Windows 7. Check back for future editions to enrich your Windows 7 experience.
Download: Windows 7 Tips and Tricks (.zip, 8,471.3 KB)
Horror Story and Other Horror Stories by Robert Boyczuk
Love and loss are the two prevailing themes in this 93,000-word short story collection, featuring 19 of the author’s tales—five of which are original to this collection:
- "When Fat Men Love Thin Women"
- "The Death Artist"
- "The Uncertainty Principle"
- "Monster"
- "The Love Clinic"
Download: Horror Story and Other Horror Stories (.pdf, 309 pages, 1.8MB)
Engineering: Ductility Design of Foundations of Highway Bridge Abutments.pdf
eBook writers: Masahiro SHIRATO, Jiro FUKUI and and Junichi KOSEKI
Right after the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake (Kobe earthquake) in Japan, the Specifications for Highway Bridges and commentaries were revised in 1996[1, 2]. The specification has introduced ductility design of foundations of piers as standard seismic design against severe and rare scale earthquakes. It should be noted that the aseismic design of piers based on the ductility design itself was not new, but had been already introduced before the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake against large earthquakes which correspond to type I motions of level 2 earthquake motions defined in detail later.
Nevertheless, abutments and their foundations have been exception in applying the ductility design even in the 1996 version of the specification, and the specification still required to check that they behave elastically against level 1 earthquake motions which are small to middle (or frequent scale) earthquakes as it had demanded in the past. The reasons for this judgment are the following. First, because of the lack of knowledge on a proper evaluation method of their performances, including the seismic active earth pressure at high seismic loads, it is difficult to establish any verification methods of seismic performance of abutments and their foundations against severe earthquakes. Second, there has been no case history in Japan where the damage to abutments or their foundations causes unseating of girders. Third, a bridge abutment is a structure resisting against the earth pressure exerted from the backfill at any moment, and thus it would be just pushed forward by the seismic earth pressure even if it suffers residual displacements during earthquakes, which would not directly result in the unseating of supporting girders.
Download Ductility Design of Foundations of Highway Bridge Abutments.pdf for FREE. (15 pages, 800KB)
THE ASTON MARTIN DB9.pdf
About this eBook:
THE ASTON MARTIN DB9
A STRIKING BALANCE
DB9 is a thoroughbred sports car with GT levels of comfort
and refinement. Its design philosophy is uncompromising
and brings together everything that makes a sports car
great with that unique Aston Martin character, borne out
of craftsmanship and use of the finest quality materials.
IMPORTANT NOTICE Aston Martin Lagonda Limited is constantly seeking ways to improve the specification, design and production of its vehicles and alterations take place continually.
Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should not be regarded as an infallible guide to current specifications, nor does it constitute an offer for sale of any particular vehicle. The contents of this brochure represent the Company’s business as a whole. Text and photographs may relate to models not available for sale in some countries. Performance results may vary depending on the specification of the particular vehicle, road and environmental conditions and driving style.
Published figures should be used for comparison purposes only and verification should not be attempted on public roads. Aston Martin Lagonda Limited strongly urges that all speed laws be obeyed and that safety belts be worn at all times. Distributors and dealers are not agents of Aston Martin Lagonda Limited and have absolutely no authority to bind Aston Martin Lagonda Limited by any express or implied undertaking or representation.
Download this THE ASTON MARTIN DB9.pdf now free. (33 pages, 2MB)
Ideology and the Growth of Government
This eBook was written by Andrew Pickering | James Rockey in October 2007 for Department of Economics, University of Bristol, 8 Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1TN.We analyze the impact of ideology on the size of government. In a simple model the government sets redistribution and provision of public services according to the preferences of the median voter, for whom private consumption is a necessity. Ideology is de…ned on preferences for public services and the impact of ideology upon the size of government increases with mean income. In empirical work ideology is measured using data based on party manifestos. Much of the increases and divergence in government size observed across OECD countries can be explained by the interaction of ideology and mean income.
Download Ideology and the Growth of Government.pdf (40 pages, 529KB) now for free.
Download iPhone User Guide.pdf (iPhone OS 3.1 Software)
Content:
* Chapter 1: Getting Started [ Viewing the User Guide on iPhone ~ What You Need ~ Activating iPhone ~ Installing the SIM Card ~ Registering iPhone ~ Setting Up iPhone Using VoiceOver ~ Syncing ~ Mail, Contacts, and Calendar Accounts ~ Installing Configuration Profiles ~ Disconnecting iPhone from Your Computer ]
* Chapter 2: Basics [ iPhone at a Glance ~ Home Screen ~ Buttons ~ Touchscreen ~ Onscreen Keyboard ~ Searching ~ Voice Control ~ Stereo Headset ~ Connecting to the Internet ~ Battery ~ Security Features ~ Cleaning iPhone ~ Restarting and Resetting iPhone ]
* Chapter 3: Phone [ Phone Calls ~ Visual Voicemail ~ Contacts ~ Favorites ~ Ringtones and the Ring/Silent Switch ~ Bluetooth Devices ~ International Calls ]
* Chapter 4: Mail [ Setting Up Email Accounts ~ Sending Email ~ Checking and Reading Email ~ Searching Email ~ Organizing Email ]
* Chapter 5: Safari [ Viewing Webpages ~ Searching the Web ~ Bookmarks ~ Web Clips ]
* Chapter 6: iPod [ Getting Music, Video, and More ~ Music and Other Audio ~ Videos ~ Setting a Sleep Timer ~ Changing the Browse Buttons ]
* Chapter 7: Messages [ Sending and Receiving Messages ~ Sharing Photos and Videos ~ Sending Voice Memos ~ Editing Conversations ~ Using Contact Information and Links ~ Managing Previews and Alerts ]
* Chapter 8: Calendar [ About Calendar ~ Syncing Calendars ~ Viewing Your Calendar ~ Searching Calendars ~ Subscribing to and Sharing Calendars ~ Adding Calendar Events to iPhone ~ Responding to Meeting Invitations ~ Alerts ]
* Chapter 9: Photos [ About Photos ~ Syncing Photos and Videos with Your Computer ~ Viewing Photos and Videos ~ Slideshows ~ Sharing Photos and Videos ~ Assigning a Photo to a Contact ~ Wallpaper ]
* Chapter 10: Camera [ About Camera ~ Taking Photos and Recording ~ Viewing and Sharing Photos ~ Trimming Videos ~ Uploading Photos and Videos ]
* Chapter 11: YouTube [ Finding and Viewing Videos ~ Controlling Video Playback ~ Managing Videos ~ Getting More Information ~ Using YouTube Account Features ~ Changing the Browse Buttons ~ Sending Videos to YouTube ]
* Chapter 12: Stocks [ Viewing Stock Quotes ~ Getting More Information ]
* Chapter 13: Maps [ Finding and Viewing Locations ~ Bookmarking Locations ~ Getting Directions ~ Showing Traffic Conditions ~ Finding and Contacting Businesses ]
* Chapter 14: Weather [ Viewing Weather Summaries ~ Getting More Weather Information ]
* Chapter 15: Voice Memos [ Recording Voice Memos ~ Listening to Voice Memos ~ Managing Voice Memos ~ Trimming Voice Memos ~ Sharing Voice Memos ~ Syncing Voice Memos ]
* Chapter 16: Notes [ Writing and Reading Notes ~ Searching Notes ~ Emailing Notes ~ Syncing Notes ]
* Chapter 17: Clock [ World Clocks ~ Alarms ~ Stopwatch ~ Timer ]
* Chapter 18: Calculator [ Using the Calculator ~ Standard Memory Functions ~ Scientific Calculator Keys ]
* Chapter 19: Settings [ Airplane Mode ~ Wi-Fi ~ VPN ~ Notifications ~ Carrier ~ Sounds and the Ring/Silent Switch ~ Brightness ~ Wallpaper ~ General ~ Mail, Contacts, Calendars ~ Phone ~ Safari ~ Messages ~ iPod ~ Photos ~ Store ~ Nike + iPod ]
* Chapter 20: iTunes Store [ About the iTunes Store ~ Finding Music, Videos, and More ~ Purchasing Ringtones ~ Purchasing Music or Audiobooks ~ Purchasing or Renting Videos ~ Streaming or Downloading Podcasts ~ Checking Download Status ~ Syncing Purchased Content
~ Changing the Browse Buttons ~ Viewing Account Information ~ Verifying Purchases ]
* Chapter 21: App Store [ About the App Store ~ Browsing and Searching ~ Info Screen ~ Downloading Applications ~ Deleting Applications ~ Writing Reviews ~ Updating Applications ~ Syncing Purchased Applications ]
* Chapter 22: Compass [ Getting Compass Readings ~ Compass and Maps ]
* Chapter 23: Contacts [ About Contacts ~ Adding Contacts ~ Searching Contacts ~ Managing Contacts on ]
* Chapter 24: Nike + [ Activating Nike + iPod ~ Additional Nike + iPod ]
* Chapter 25: Accessibility [ Accessibility Features ~ VoiceOver ~ Zoom ~ White on Black ~ Mono Audio ~ Speak Auto-text ~ Triple-click Home ~ Closed Captioning and ]
* Appendix A : Troubleshooting [ Apple iPhone Support ~ General ~ iTunes and Syncing ~ Phone and Voicemail ~ Safari, Text, Mail, and Contacts ~ Sound, Music, and Video ~ iTunes Stores ~ Removing the SIM Card ~ Backing Up iPhone ~ Updating and Restoring iPhone ]
* Appendix B : Other Resources [ Safety, Software, and Service Information ~ Viewing the User Guide on iPhone ~ Disposal and Recycling Information ~ Apple and the Environment ]
Click here to download iPhone User Guide.pdf for FREE
IMF: The Macroeconomics of Managing Increased Aid Inflows.pdf
INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
The Macroeconomics of Managing Increased Aid Inflows: Experiences of
Low-Income Countries and Policy Implications
Prepared by the Policy Development and Review Department
(In consultation with the Area, Fiscal, Monetary and Financial Systems,
and Research Departments)
Approved by Mark Allen
August 8, 2005
Contents
Executive Summary ................................................................................................................3
I. Introduction....................................................................................................................6
II. A Macroeconomic Framework for the Analysis of Increases in Aid Inflows ...............8
III. Findings from Country Cases ......................................................................................17
A. The Pattern of Aid Inflows .................................................................................17
B. Macroeconomic Context.....................................................................................21
C. Real Exchange Rate and Dutch Disease .............................................................23
D. Was Incremental Aid Absorbed? ........................................................................27
E. Was Incremental Aid Spent? ..............................................................................29
F. Monetary Impact of Aid and Policy Response ...................................................37
IV. Conclusions and Policy Implications...........................................................................48
A. Summary of Findings..........................................................................................48
B. PRGF Program Design Issues.............................................................................50
V. Final Considerations ...................................................................................................53
Text Boxes
Absorption, Spending, and Central Bank and Fiscal Accounting ...............................12
2. Terms of Trade Shocks and Aid Inflows .....................................................................26
3. Aid Volatility and the PRGF-Supported Programs .....................................................33
Figures
1. Total Net Budget Aid...................................................................................................20
2. Changes in Composition of Budgetary Aid .................................................................21
3. Exchange Rates and Aid Inflows.................................................................................25
4a. Programmed vs. Actual Levels of Fiscal Deficit (Excluding Aid) and
Net Budgetary Aid ....................................................................................................35
4b. Programmed vs. Actual Levels of Fiscal Deficit (Excluding Aid) and
Net Budgetary Aid ....................................................................................................36
5. Ethiopia and Ghana: Monetary Indicators ...................................................................39
6. Ethiopia and Ghana: Limited Aid Impact....................................................................41
7a. Tanzania and Uganda: Monetary Indicators ................................................................44
7b. Mozambique: Monetary Indicators..............................................................................45
8. Mozambique, Tanzania and Uganda: Domestic Expenditure Exceeds Absorption ....47
Tables
1. Patterns of Aid Inflows ................................................................................................18
2. GDP Growth, Inflation and Private Investment...........................................................22
3. The Real Effective Exchange Rate ..............................................................................24
4. Balance of Payments Identity ......................................................................................28
5. Allocation of Incremental Net Budgetary Aid: Spent or Saved ..................................30
6. Domestic Debt and Debt Service Indicators................................................................31
7. Classification by Aid Absorption and Expenditure .....................................................37
Appendices
Appendix I. Methodology for Sample Selection ..............................................................56
Appendix II . Dutch Disease: Theory and Evidence ...........................................................59
References ............................................................................................................................62
Download IMF: The Macroeconomics of Managing Increased Aid Inflows.pdf (66 pages, 322KB) Thank Robin for sending
Measurement and Modeling of the Economic Effects.pdf by Drusilla K. Brown
Measurement and Modeling of the Economic Effects of Trade and Investment Barriers in Services by Drusilla K. Brown, Tufts University and Robert M. Stern, University of Michigan.
Prepared for the Coalition of Service Industries (CSI) World Services Congress
Atlanta, GA, November 1-3, 1999.
In this paper, we adapt the latest version of the Michigan Model of World Production and Trade to incorporate relationships and data for cross-border services trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) in the major developed and developing countries subsumed in the model’s structure and database.
Firms are taken to be monopolistically competitive. Each firm produces a set of differentiated products. Products are differentiated both by the original R&D undertaken at headquarters that defines the basic product and by the final location of production. Each firm faces a fixed cost in the country where production occurs, and it then sets an optimal mark-up of price over marginal cost for sales from each location. Free entry guarantees that profits are zero.
Firms locate production for export or for local consumption depending on the type of barriers restraining the conduct of multinationals. In this version of the model, barriers to trade in services take two forms. First, firms may face an ad valorem tax on local capital installed. Second, foreign affiliate firms may face a policy-induced fixed cost of production for local operations.
We report the impact on welfare, trade, factor prices, sectoral output, economies of scale, and activities of multinationals that might occur following the introduction of national treatment of multinational firms in all countries of the model.
Download Measurement and Modeling of the Economic Effects.pdf now (38 pages, 145KB) Thank Robin for sending.
Macroeconomics.pdf Edited by Stefano Lucarelli
Actually this Macroeconomics.pdf was edited by Stefano Lucarelli for the Master in Microfinance 2007-08
Macroeconomics is a branch of economics that deals with the performance, structure, and behavior of a national economy as a whole. Macroeconomists seek to understand the determinants of aggregate trends in an economy with particular focus on national income, unemployment, inflation, investment, and international trade. In contrast, microeconomics is primarily focused on the determination of prices and the role of prices in allocating scarce resources. Macroeconomic models and their forecasts are used by both governments and large corporations to assist in the development and evaluation of economic policy and business strategy.
Until the 1930s, most economic analysis did not separate out individual behaviour from aggregate behavior. With the Great Depression of the 1930s and the development of the concept of national income and product statistics, the field of macroeconomics began to expand. Before that time, comprehensive national accounts, as we know them today, did not exist. Theoretically, the ideas of the British economist John Maynard Keynes, who worked on explaining the Great Depression, were particularly influential. The traditional distinction is between two different approaches to economics: Keynesian economics, focusing on demand; and supply-side (or neo-classical) economics, focusing on supply. Neither view is typically endorsed to the complete exclusion of the other, but most schools do tend clearly to emphasize one or the other as a theoretical foundation.
Download Macroeconomics.pdf now (54 pages, 1.37MB) Thank for Robin for sending this out.